26 メアリー王妃のドールハウス♪

1867年5月26日 に、イギリス国王ジョージ5世の妻メアリー妃誕生♪

結婚前のメアリー・オブ・テック

メアリー・オブ・テックは、フリードリヒ王弟の孫テック公の娘。派手好きな両親の借金で諸外国を点々とする少女時代を送ったが各国の文化に接する経験ともなった。ヴィクトリア女王に気に入られ、嫁に♪

ジョージ五世とともに

第一次世界大戦時、ヨーロッパでは多くの王家が没落した。ジョージ5世は、家名を敵国ドイツ名のゴータ家からウィンザー家に改名、ラジオ演説で国民を励まして国民の支持を得た。しかし、長男エドワードはシンプソン夫人との恋に走り退位してしまう（笑

孫のエリザベス、マーガレットとともに／1939年

メアリー王妃のドールハウス

メアリー王妃のドールハウスは、1920年代に制作された。本棚の本もミニチュア版に実際に製本され、気鋭の画家たちがミニチュアの絵画を提供し、ワインセラーの瓶にまで本物のワインが詰められた。再現度が精巧なため、当時の王室の日常を知る貴重な資料とされている♪

一方で、脚本家バーナード・ショーは掌編を寄せてほしいという依頼を拒んでいるほか、作曲家エドワード・エルガーも以下の書簡で依頼を拒否している（笑

「私たちみんなが王も王妃も芸術的なものは何一つ理解できないことを知っている。ウィンザーの図書館に、私の第2交響曲の楽譜を収めた時だって、それに一言も触れやしなかった。それなのに今は私の絶頂期だと言って王妃のドールハウスに協力するよう求められた！　私はもう充分なほど『棒の上の猿』として奉仕をしてきたはずだ。私はこの棒を降りる決意をした。手紙にこれ以上私に無理強いしないよう望むと書いておいた。馬鹿げた出来事に芸術家を巻き込むのは、芸術家に対する侮辱だと思っている」。。。。。

⭐️「ビスケットマンライフ」面白楽しく続けてきましたが、容量リミットで2016年5月26日にて終了となりまする〜〜見てくれた方々ありがとうございました〜♪

⭐️ "Biscuit man life" it was being continued happily, it'll be an end in May 26, 2016 by a capacity limit, thank you very much for your person who read♪

Mary of Teck (26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was Queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress consort of India, as the wife of King-Emperor George V.

Although technically a princess of Teck, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, she was born and raised in England. Her parents were Francis, Duke of Teck, who was of German extraction, and Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a granddaughter of King George III. She was informally known as "May", after her birth month. At the age of 24 she was betrothed to Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales, but six weeks after the announcement of the engagement he died unexpectedly of pneumonia. The following year she became engaged to Albert Victor's next surviving brother, George, who subsequently became King. Before her husband's accession she was successively Duchess of York, Duchess of Cornwall and Princess of Wales.

As queen consort from 1910, she supported her husband through the First World War, his ill health and major political changes arising from the aftermath of the war and the rise of socialism and nationalism. After George's death in 1936, she became queen mother when her eldest son, Edward, ascended the throne, but to her dismay he abdicated later the same year in order to marry twice-divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson. She supported her second son, Albert, who succeeded to the throne as George VI, until his death in 1952. She died the following year, during the reign of her granddaughter Queen Elizabeth II, who had not yet been crowned.

Queen Mary's Dolls' House is a doll's house built in the early 1920s, completed in 1924, for Queen Mary, the wife of King George V. The idea for building it originally came from the Queen's cousin, Princess Marie Louise, who discussed her idea with one of the top architects of the time, Sir Edwin Lutyens, at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition of 1921. Sir Edwin agreed to construct the dolls' house and began preparations. Princess Marie Louise had many connections in the arts and arranged for the top artists and craftsmen of the time to contribute their special abilities to the house. As a result, the dolls' house has an amazing collection of miniature items that actually work: "There are shotguns that 'break and load' (and may even fire), monogrammed linens, ... 'electricity and lifts, a garage of cars with engines that run.'"  It even has running water through its tiny pipes. It was created as a gift to Queen Mary from the people, and to serve as an historical document on how a royal family might have lived during that period in England. near-

25 彼を伝道者として覚えよ♪

1865年5月25日 は、YMCAの指導者ジョン・モットの生まれた日♪

1910年撮影

ジョン・ローリー・モットは、ニューヨーク州のリヴィングストンマナの農園で生まれた。16歳で家族から離れ、アイオワ大学、ニューヨーク州コーネル大学に進む。在学中の夏期学校で、ドワイト・ムーディーやA・T・ピアソンの説教を聴き献身を決意♪

1889年にコーネル大学を卒業したモットは、YMCAの働きを中心として、世界の学生キリスト教運動や世界教会運動の指導者として活躍する。1910年エディンバラで開催された世界宣教会議も主導した。

1913年に来日、日本の教会指導者達に協同伝道を提案し、2万円（現在の価値で1200万円程）を寄付した。日本の教会はこれを受けて「全国伝道」を計画し、1914年から実施され、777,000人の会衆を動員して、27,000人の決心者を生み出し、大正期の日本の教会は一気に飛躍した。

1946年撮影

合計10回来日し、1929年に日本政府から勲一等瑞宝章を送られる♪　また1946年に、非武装論者のE・G・バルクと共にノーベル平和賞を受賞♪　89歳で世界教会会議に出席し、「ジョン・モットが死んだら彼を伝道者として記憶せよ！」と宣言した♪

John Raleigh Mott (May 25, 1865 – January 31, 1955) was a long-serving leader of the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) and the World Student Christian Federation (WSCF). He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1946 for his work in establishing and strengthening international Protestant Christian student organizations that worked to promote peace. He shared the prize with Emily Balch. From 1895 until 1920 Mott was the General Secretary of the WSCF. Intimately involved in the formation of the World Council of Churches in 1948, that body elected him as a lifelong honorary President. His best-known book, The Evangelization of the World in this Generation, became a missionary slogan in the early 20th century.

Mott was born in Livingston Manor, New York, Sullivan County, New York on May 25, 1865, and his family moved to Postville, Iowa in September of the same year. He attended Upper Iowa University, where he studied history and was an award-winning student debater. He transferred to Cornell University, where he received his bachelor's degree in 1888. He was influenced by Arthur Tappan Pierson one of the forces behind the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions, which was founded in 1886. Mott married Leila Ada White (1866-1952) in 1891 and had two sons and two daughters.

In 1910, Mott, an American Methodist layperson, presided at the 1910 World Missionary Conference, which was an important milestone in the modern Protestant missions movement and some say the modern ecumenical movement.

Mott and a colleague were offered free passage on the Titanic in 1912 by a White Star Line official who was interested in their work, but they declined and took the more humble liner the SS Lapland. According to a biography by C. Howard Hopkins, upon hearing of the news in New York, the two men looked at each other and remarked that, "The Good Lord must have more work for us to do."[2]

After touring Europe and promoting ecumenism, Mott traveled to Asia where, from October 1912 to May 1913, he held a series of 18 regional and national conferences, including in Ceylon, India, Burma, Malaya, China, Korea and Japan.[3]

He also worked with Robert Hallowell Gardiner III to maintain relations with the Russian Orthodox Church, and Archbishops Tikhon after the Russian Revolution.

From 1920 until 1928, Mott served as the WSCF Chairperson. For his labors in both missions and ecumenism, as well as for peace, some historians consider him to be "the most widely traveled and universally trusted Christian leader of his time".[4]

24 メリーさんのひつじ、出版♪

1830年5月24日に、童謡「メリーさんのひつじ」出版♪

表紙／初版

童謡「メリーさんのひつじ」は、サラ・ジョセファ・ヘイルによるオリジナルの詩としてボストンの出版社から発行された。この詩は、実際のできごとに基づいている♪

保存されているメリー・ソーヤが通っていた学校／マサチューセッツ

教室内

メリー・ソーヤー（Mary Sawyer）という少女が羊をペットとして飼っていたが、ある日、兄弟に勧められて学校に連れて行き、大騒ぎになってしまった。メリーは、それを見て喜んだジョン・ルールストンという学生から、翌日、3つの節のこの詩の原型が書かれた紙を手渡されたと述懐している♪

"Mary Had a Little Lamb" is an English language nursery rhyme of nineteenth-century American origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7622.

The nursery rhyme was first published by the Boston publishing firm Marsh, Capen & Lyon, as an original poem by Sarah Josepha Hale on May 24, 1830, and was inspired by an actual incident.

As a young girl, Mary Sawyer (later Mary Tyler) kept a pet lamb that she took to school one day at the suggestion of her brother. A commotion naturally ensued. Mary recalled: "Visiting school that morning was a young man by the name of John Roulstone, a nephew of the Reverend Lemuel Capen, who was then settled in Sterling. It was the custom then for students to prepare for college with ministers, and for this purpose Roulstone was studying with his uncle. The young man was very much pleased with the incident of the lamb; and the next day he rode across the fields on horseback to the little old schoolhouse and handed me a slip of paper which had written upon it the three original stanzas of the poem..."

There are two competing theories on the origin of this poem. One holds that Roulstone wrote the first four lines and that the final twelve lines, less childlike than the first, were composed by Sarah Josepha Hale; the other is that Hale was responsible for the entire poem.

The Redstone School, which was built in 1798, was purchased by Henry Ford and relocated to a churchyard on the property of Longfellow's Wayside Inn in Sudbury, Massachusetts.

23 メンデルスゾーンの家庭教師♪

1794年5月23日 に、作曲家でピアニストのモシェレス誕生♪

息子フェリックス・モシェレスによる肖像画

イグナーツ・モシェレスは、チェコのプラハで、裕福なユダヤ系の商人の息子として生まれた。父親は息子を音楽家に育てたいと熱望していた。ピアノをならい始めたイグナーツはすぐさまベートーヴェンの音楽への情熱に目覚めた♪

父親を早くに亡くした後、モシェレスは1808年にウィーンに移り住み、アルブレヒツベルガーに対位法を、アントニオ・サリエリに作曲を習う♪　その後のヨーロッパ演奏旅行は、演奏を聴いたロベルト・シューマンがピアニストへの道を断念するほどのセンセーションを巻き起こす♪

モシェレスは1824年に銀行家アブラハム・メンデルスゾーンから、子どもたちにレッスンして欲しいと請われ、ベルリンに向かった。以下はその際のモシェレスの日記。

見たこともないような家庭だ。15歳になるフェリックスはまさに神童である。これほどまでの才能があろうとは……もはや既に一人の成熟した芸術家といっても過言ではない。彼の姉のファニーもまた、非凡な才能に恵まれている。

今日の午後、私はフェリックスに初めてのレッスンを行ったのだが……自分の隣に座る彼が、生徒ではなく一芸術家であるという事実に、しばらく呆然としてしまった。

神童、フェリックス・メンデルスゾーン／12歳

モシェレスは、そのころ既にロンドンのロイヤルフィルハーモニックの助言者だった。1825年に、モシェレスは音楽家を紹介、その中にはベートーヴェンやメンデルスゾーンも含まれていた♪

フェリックス・メンデルスゾーン

これが、フェリックス・メンデルスゾーンがロンドンに招待されロイヤルフィルで指揮をする1829年の訪英に繋がったのだった♪

Ignaz Moscheles  (23 May 1794 – 10 March 1870) was a Bohemian composer and piano virtuoso, whose career after his early years was based initially in London, and later at Leipzig, where he succeeded his friend and sometime pupil Felix Mendelssohn as head of the Conservatoire.

Moscheles was born in Prague to an affluent German-speaking Jewish merchant family. His first name was originally Isaac. His father played the guitar and was keen for one of his children to become a musician. Initially his hopes fixed on Ignaz's sister, but when she demurred, her piano lessons were transferred to her brother. Ignaz developed an early passion for the piano music of Beethoven, which the Mozartean Bedřich Diviš Weber, his teacher at the Prague Conservatory, attempted to curb, urging him to focus on Bach, Mozart and Muzio Clementi.

After his father’s early death, Moscheles settled in 1808 in Vienna. His abilities were such that he was able to study in the city under Albrechtsberger for counterpoint and theory and Salieri for composition.  He was one of the leading virtuosi resident in Vienna during the 1814-1815 Congress of Vienna and it was at this time that he wrote his enormously popular virtuosic Alexander Variations, Op. 32, for piano and orchestra, which he later played throughout Europe. Here too he became a close friend of Meyerbeer and their extemporized piano-duets were highly acclaimed. Moscheles was also familiar with Hummel and Kalkbrenner. Among the virtuosi of the 1820s, Hummel, Kalkbrenner, Cramer, Herz and Weber were his most famous rivals.

Before that however in 1824 he had accepted an invitation to visit Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy in Berlin to give some lessons to his children Felix and Fanny. His comments on meeting them were: "This is a family the like of which I have never known. Felix, a boy of fifteen is a phenomenon. What are all prodigies compared with him? ...He is already a mature artist. His elder sister Fanny is also extraordinarily gifted." Shortly afterwards he wrote: "This afternoon... I gave Felix Mendelssohn his first lesson, without losing sight for a moment of the fact that I was sitting next to a master, not a pupil."

22 作曲家ワーグナー♪

1813年5月22日 は、作曲家ワーグナーのうまれた日♪

ワーグナーと生家

ヴィルヘルム・リヒャルト・ワーグナーは、ザクセン王国ライプツィヒに生まれる。15歳でベートーヴェンに感動し音楽家を志す。18歳の時にライプツィヒ大学に入学。哲学や音楽を学んだが数年後に中退。1833年に市立歌劇場の合唱指揮者となったが、飽き足らず歌劇作曲家を目指すも芽が出ず、貧困と借金に苦しんだという。

1842年の「リエンツィ」初演が大成功し、ワーグナーはようやく注目されることとなった。この成功によってドレスデン国立歌劇場管弦楽団の指揮者に任命された♪　

1846年、ワーグナーは復活祭の特別演奏会にベートーベンの「第九」を選択。当時「第九」は忘れられた曲となっていたため猛反対の声が上がったが、この演奏は大成功。以後、「第九」は名曲としての評価を確立したという♪

自分は音楽史上まれに見る天才で、自分より優れた作曲家はベートーヴェンだけだ、と公言して憚らなかった（実際にはリストやウェーバーにも敬意を払っていたが)。このような態度は信奉者と同時に敵や反対者も出す結果となった（笑　

しかし、ワーグナーは動物好きで犬とオウムを飼っており、動物実験に反対する投書を寄稿したこともあったという♪

Wilhelm Richard Wagner  (22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is primarily known for his operas (or, as some of his later works were later known, "music dramas"). Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the libretto and the music for each of his stage works. Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works in the romantic vein of Weber and Meyerbeer, Wagner revolutionised opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk ("total work of art"), by which he sought to synthesise the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts, with music subsidiary to drama. He described this vision in a series of essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realised these ideas most fully in the first half of the four-opera cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung).

His compositions, particularly those of his later period, are notable for their complex textures, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the elaborate use of leitmotifs—musical phrases associated with individual characters, places, ideas or plot elements. His advances in musical language, such as extreme chromaticism and quickly shifting tonal centres, greatly influenced the development of classical music. His Tristan und Isolde is sometimes described as marking the start of modern music.

Wagner had his own opera house built, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, which embodied many novel design features. The Ring and Parsifal were premiered here and his most important stage works continue to be performed in an annual festival run by his descendants. His thoughts on the relative contributions of music and drama in opera were to change again, and he reintroduced some traditional forms into his last few stage works, including Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg (The Mastersingers of Nuremberg).

Until his final years, Wagner's life was characterised by political exile, turbulent love affairs, poverty and repeated flight from his creditors. His controversial writings on music, drama and politics have attracted extensive comment since the late 20th century, especially where they express antisemitic sentiments. The effect of his ideas can be traced in many of the arts throughout the 20th century; his influence spread beyond composition into conducting, philosophy, literature, the visual arts and theatre.

21 日曜画家アンリ・ルソー♪

1844年5月21日、素朴派の画家アンリ・ルソー誕生♪

自画像

アンリ・ジュリアン・フェリックス・ルソーは、フランス、マイエンヌ県ラヴァルに生まれる。高校中退後５年の兵役を経たのちパリ市税関職員を務めながら余暇に絵を描く「日曜画家」だった♪　

1888年に妻クレマンスと子供を亡くし、2番目の妻ジョゼフィーヌにも先立たれて家庭面は恵まれなかった。ルソーは税関に22年勤務した後、絵に専念するため1893年に退職して、年金生活に入っている。

熱帯嵐のなかのトラ

眠れるジプシー女

夢

フットボール選手

ギローム・アポリネールとマリー・ローランサンの肖像

彼の作品には熱帯のジャングルを舞台にしたものが多数あるが、実際には南国へ行ったことはなく、パリの植物園でスケッチしたさまざまな植物を組み合わせて、熱帯への憧憬とともに幻想的な風景を創作していった♪　

ルソーの作品は生前はアポリネール、ゴーギャン、ピカソなど少数の理解者に評価されたのみだった。1908年、ピカソ、アポリネールらが中心となって、パリで「アンリ・ルソーの夕べ」を開催♪　多くの画家や詩人がルソーを囲んで集まり、彼を称える詩が披露されたのだった♪

Henri Julien Félix Rousseau (May 21, 1844 – September 2, 1910)was a French Post-Impressionist painter in the Naïve or Primitive manner. He was also known as Le Douanier (the customs officer), a humorous description of his occupation as a toll collector. Ridiculed during his lifetime by critics, he came to be recognized as a self-taught genius whose works are of high artistic quality. Rousseau's work exerted an extensive influence on several generations of avant-garde artists.

20 リーバイス、デニムで特許♪

1873年5月20日に、リーヴァイ・ストラウスがデニムズボンを銅製の鋲で強化する特許を取得した♪

金属の鋲／リペット

リーヴァイ・ストラウスはドイツのフランケン地方ブッテンハイムで、アシュケナージ系ユダヤ人の一家に生まれた。 父親は織物類の行商人だったが、腫瘍のため死去。1847年に、母レベッカと二人の姉と共に渡米した。

リーヴァイはサンフランシスコで姉の夫スターンと「リーバイ・ストラウス＆カンパニー」という織物類の卸を始める。当時のサンフランシスコはゴールドラッシュ最盛期で、鉱山労働者の衣服や縫製の多くの需要があった。

1872年、ストラウスは洋服店を営むジェイコブ・デイヴィスから手紙を受け取った。手紙にはデイヴィスが客のために面白い方法でズボンを作ったことが書かれていた。デイヴィスには特許を取得するための資金がなかったため、ストラウスが資金を提供し、協同で特許を申請した。

1873年5月20日、ストラウスとデイヴィスはデニムの作業ズボンのポケットを銅製の鋲リペットで強化する特許を特許番号139121号として取得した。 リーバイ・ストラウス社は帆布を用いた新しいスタイルのワークパンツとして、最初のブルージーンズを製造し始めた♪

Strauss opened his dry goods wholesale business as Levi Strauss & Co. and imported fine dry goods—clothing, bedding, combs, purses, handkerchiefs—from his brothers in New York. He made tents, and later jeans. Levi lived with Fanny's growing family. Jacob Davis, one of Strauss's customers and one of the inventors of riveted denim pants in 1871, went into business with Strauss to produce blue jeans. The two men patented the new style of work pants in 20 May 1873.

Levi Strauss was born in Buttenheim, Germany, on February 26, 1829, in the Franconian region of Bavaria, Germany, to an Ashkenazi Jewish family. He was the son of Hirsch Strauss and his second wife Rebecca Strauss. At the age of 18, Strauss, his mother and two sisters traveled to the United States to join his brothers Jonas and Louis, who had begun a wholesale dry goods business in New York City called J. Strauss Brother & Co.

Levi's sister Fanny and her husband David Stern moved to St. Louis, Missouri, while Levi went to live in Louisville, Kentucky, and sold his brothers' supplies in Kentucky. In January 1853, Levi Strauss became an American citizen.

The family decided to open a West Coast branch of the family dry goods business in San Francisco, which was the commercial hub of the California Gold Rush. Levi was chosen to represent the family and he took a steamship for San Francisco, arriving in early March 1853, where he joined his sister's family.