6 ラファエロ、哲学と絵画♪

1483年4月6日に、ルネサンスを代表する画家ラファエロ生まれる♪

「アテナイの学堂」部分
天を指すプラトン（モデルはダ・ヴィンチ）と
地を示すソクラテス（モデルはミケランジェロだがあまり似なかったので
ヘラクレイトス　↓　で再現した）

「アテナイの学堂」（1509年 - 1510年）
ヴァチカン宮殿ラファエロの間の「署名の間」に描かれたフレスコ壁画
手前で肘をついているのがヘラクレイトス（モデルはミケランジェロ）

ラファエロの作品は、雄大な人間性を謳うプラトン主義を、芸術に昇華したと評価されており、レオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチ、ミケランジェロとともに、ルネサンスの三大巨匠と称されている♪

自画像／1506年

ラファエロは幼少から芸術の才能を現し、宮廷画家だった父の「大きな手助け」をしていた♪　ウルビーノ公子は書簡で、「この書簡の持参者はウルビーノの画家ラファエロです。芸術的才能に溢れるこの青年は、フィレンツェでさらなる修行を行うことを決めました。彼の父親は極めて立派な人物であり、私も非常に尊敬しています。その息子は、とても聡明で礼儀正しいことに定評がある青年で、私も彼に大きな愛情を抱いています」と推薦している♪　

「聖母子」ラファエロ画

ラファエロにもっとも影響を与えたのはレオナルド・ダ・ヴィンチだった。レオナルドが創始した「聖母子」を三角の構成で描く手法を取り入れて描かれたラファエロの「聖母子」は、彼の作品のなかでも特に高く評価されている♪

Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino(April 6 , 1483 – April 6, 1520), known as Raphael , was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form, ease of composition, and visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period.


Raphael was enormously productive, running an unusually large workshop and, despite his death at 37, leaving a large body of work. Many of his works are found in the Vatican Palace, where the frescoed Raphael Rooms were the central, and the largest, work of his career. The best known work is The School of Athens in the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura. After his early years in Rome much of his work was executed by his workshop from his drawings, with considerable loss of quality. He was extremely influential in his lifetime, though outside Rome his work was mostly known from his collaborative printmaking. After his death, the influence of his great rival Michelangelo was more widespread until the 18th and 19th centuries, when Raphael's more serene and harmonious qualities were again regarded as the highest models. His career falls naturally into three phases and three styles, first described by Giorgio Vasari: his early years in Umbria, then a period of about four years (1504–1508) absorbing the artistic traditions of Florence, followed by his last hectic and triumphant twelve years in Rome, working for two Popes and their close associates.